Venus

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NASA for Kids: Index of Topics The Science Spot: Astronomy Space Science: Astronomy Space Science: Aviation

**Topic: Research Focus**
 * What is your topic? Venus**
 * State the focus of your research:Atmosphere**

**Notes** Venus is known as the Earth's "twin" because the two planets are so similar in size. The diameter of Venus is about 7,520 miles approximately 400 miles smaller than that of the Earth. No other planet comes nearer to the Earth than Venus. At its closest approach, it is about 23.7 million miles away.

While Venus is sometimes called "Earth's sister planet", conditions on it are, as we will see, very un-earthlike! It is a frustrating planet for astronomers because its surface is perpetually veiled by layers of clouds that have not allowed us to see its surface. Recently we have begun to use radar to probe the planet's surface from Earth. In addition, more than 20 robot spacecraft have visited Venus since 1962, and (together with Earth-based studies), they have revealed our neighbor planet to be more alien than we had suspected.

The dense atmosphere is composed of carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid which acts as a greenhouse and traps the heat. Venus revolves around the Sun in a circular orbit once every 225 Earth days. Venus rotates slowly on its axis in a clockwise direction, which is referred to as a "retrograde" rotation because it is the opposite of the seven other planets. A rotation takes 243 Earth days, so a Venusian day is longer than a Venusian year.


 * Venus and Earth are almost the same size. Venus is the closest planet to Earth, but it does not have oceans or human life like Earth. Venus gets so hot during the day that it could melt a lead cannonball. The temperature rises to 484 degrees Celsius on the side facing the Sun. Venus has very thick, rapidly spinning clouds which cover its surface. These clouds hold heat in. That is why Venus gets so hot. These clouds also reflect sunlight. ||

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